albopictus, Culex ( Cx.) pipiens, and Culiseta ( Cs.) longiareolata vectors of human infectious diseases in a small sub-urban city in the South of France. Using high throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques, we report an analysis of the DNA and RNA viral communities of three mosquito species Ae. albopictus has been encountered in the South of France, and autochthonous cases of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika diseases have recently been reported, further highlighting the need for a comprehensive survey of the mosquitoes and their associated viruses in this area. Among these, the Aedes ( Ae.) genus is a vector of several viruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses that can cause serious pathologies in humans. Some mosquito species have significant public health importance given their ability to transmit major diseases to humans and animals, making them the deadliest animals in the world. 6 Unité de Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 13005 Marseille, France.5 Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, 13288 Marseille, France.4 Aix Marseille Université, Intitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI) UM 63, 13005 Marseille, France.3 Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 384, Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail RP 42004, Tipaza, Algeria.2 Aix Marseille Université, Intitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Vecteurs Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), 13005 Marseille, France.1 IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.